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Structural composition of automotive basic knowledge
Cars are already the usual means of transportation in our lives. The most typical family cars have become more and more popular, and they have gradually entered thousands of households.
What is the structure of the car? Our intrinsic image is an iron box for activities. Li Shufu, who has Geely Automobile, once said that "the car is two sofas with four wheels."
What about the standardized terminology that wants to understand the structure of the various parts of the car? One Cat Jun today organized the basic structure of the car's basic knowledge, including the body structure, chassis structure, four-wheel drive structure, suspension and steering structure.
Body structure
Auto body structure refers to the arrangement of the various components that make up the body as a whole and the way in which the components are assembled.
According to the way the body is under load, the body structure can be divided into three types: non-loading type, carrying type and semi-loading type.
The non-loaded body car has a rigid frame, also known as a chassis frame. The connection between the frame and the body is flexibly connected by a spring or rubber pad. The engine, a part of the drive train, and the assembly of the vehicle body are fixed to the frame by a suspension device, and the frame is coupled to the wheel through the front and rear suspension devices.
The car with the load-bearing body has no rigid frame, but only strengthens the front, side, rear, bottom and other parts. The assembly parts of the engine, front and rear suspension, and the drive train are assembled on the body. Passed to the wheel by the suspension device.
The body and the frame are rigidly connected by screwing, riveting or welding. In this case, in addition to the above loads, the car body also helps to some extent the frame and the partial load of the frame.
Car chassis structure
The vehicle chassis consists of a drive train, a driving system, a steering system and a brake system. The function of the chassis is to support and install the automobile engine and its various components and assemblies, to form the overall shape of the automobile, and to receive the power of the engine to make the car move and ensure normal driving.
Four-wheel drive system structure
The four-wheel drive is the driving force for all four wheels of the car. In this way, the power of the engine is distributed to the four wheels, and the wheel slip is less likely to occur when the road conditions are not good, and the passing ability of the car is considerably improved. The four-wheel drive system is mainly divided into two categories: half-time four-wheel drive (PartTime4WD) and full-time four-wheel drive (FullTime4WD).
As long as there is a special two-wheel drive, four-wheel drive switch lever or button on the car, then this is a four-wheel drive with a half-time four-wheel drive. The half-time four-wheel drive is the most commonly used four-wheel drive system for 4WD.
It is necessary to be careful when driving a half-time four-wheel drive. The four-wheel drive cannot be used on hard roads (paved roads); it can't be used on rainy days; it can be used in ice or snow, and should be changed back immediately after leaving the snow and ice. drive.
Suspension and steering system structure
Simply speaking, the suspension system refers to the entire support system consisting of the spring between the body and the tire and the connection between the shock absorber and the frame. The function of the suspension system is to support the body and improve the feeling of driving and riding, because the use of different suspension systems will make the driver and passengers feel different during the driving process.
Generally speaking, the suspension system of the car is divided into two types, namely, non-independent suspension and independent suspension. As people's requirements for vehicle handling and ride comfort are getting higher and higher, the non-independent suspension system has gradually been eliminated.